ॐ पूर्णमदः पूर्णमिदं पूर्णात् पूर्णमुदच्यते ।
पूर्णस्य पूर्णमादाय पूर्णमेवावशिष्यते ॥

Poorṇamadah poorṇamidam
poorṇaat poorṇamudachyate.
Poorṇasya poorṇamaadaaya
poorṇamevaava-shiṣhyate.

God is perfect and his creations are perfect. Out of the perfect comes perfection. Any negative (thought or feeling) being experienced by us comes as a result of a misunderstanding of the laws of perfection.

Note: This verse is the peace/invocation/introduction verse of the Ishopanishad. It also is present in the Braahman Grantha, Brihadaranyak Upanishad, Isha Upanishad, Paingala Upanishad. The substantive mantras of the Ishopanishad (hereunder) form the core of the 40th Chapter of the Yajur Veda.

पूर्णमदः all that is thorough, complete, perfect (पूर्ण complete, perfect, thorough अदः that) पूर्णमिदम् All this is perfect, complete, thorough {पूर्ण complete, perfect, thorough इदम् this) पूर्णात् from completeness, from perfection पूर्णमुदच्यते perfection comes, rises (पूर्ण complete, perfect, thorough उदच्यते proceed, come forth) पूर्णस्य From completeness पूर्णमादाय removing from perfection (पूर्ण complete, perfect, thorough आदाय haven taken, having delivered, proving) पूर्णमेवावशिष्यते Only perfection remains (पूर्ण complete, perfect, thorough एव really, thus अवशिष्यते remains, be left as remaining पूर्ण completeness, perfection एव truly, singularly अवशिष remains, remnant)

ईशावास्यमिदꣳ सर्वं यत्किञ्च जगत्यां जगत् ।
तेन त्यक्तेन भुञ्जीथा मा गृधः कस्यस्विद्धनम् ॥ १॥

Eeshaa-vaasyam-idaṁ sarvaṁ
yatkiñca jagatyaaṁ jagat.
Tena tyaktena bhuñjeethaa
maa gṛidhaḥ kasya-sviddhanam.

One Supreme God rules the entire creation and the earth on which we live. He is the Creator of the world in which we live as well as all that exists in the world; all animate and inanimate. Enjoy His Creation with detachment and surrender, that is, knowing that it is all by His Grace. Never covet whatever is with anyone else.

Kasya Svidhanam – whose wealth is it really? This verse gives us the knowledge that the world, the materials of the world are created by the One Omnipresent God who is the true power of everything. Whatever we want and need has been created for our fulfilment, but we are cautioned to enjoy the material world with the realisation that we shall leave it behind. All riches and all possessions will be left behind since none of it is truly ours. This first verse and the final two verses remind us of the true owner of the world and that we are reduced to ashes and memories.

ईश the ruler, Lord Supreme आवास्यम् for living, for habitation इदम् this सर्वम् all, every, in entirety यत् कीम् च whatever, whatsoever जगत्याम् of the world, the living and moving beings in the world जगत् the world (upon/in which the beings live, reside) तेन by that त्यक्तेन renounced, surrendered भुञ्जीथा you can enjoy मा not गृधः lust, covet, own, possess कस्य स्विद् anyone’s, of whom धनम्स्वि wealth, property, possessions.

कुर्वन्नेवेह कर्माणि जिजीविषेच्छतꣳ समाः ।
एवं त्वयि नान्यथेतोऽस्ति न कर्म लिप्यते नरे ॥ २॥

Kurvan-ne-veha karmaaṇi
jijeeviṣhe-chhataṁ samaaḥ.
Evaṁ tvayi na-anyathe-to’sti
na karma lipyate nare

Endeavor to live a fully meaningful and enjoyable life by performing such actions that would not destroy the purity of your own soul. Do not let yourself be smeared or impacted negatively by your own actions.

With everything give to us (per first verse) we are reminded here to use (not abuse) everything for righteous and responsible living. Do not enjoy at the detriment of others. Life a full life without bringing yourself down.

कुर्वन् doing, acting, performing इह here, in this world एव truly, indeed कर्माणि actions, works जिजीविषेत् one may wish to live शतम् hundred समाः years एवम् thus, in such a manner त्वयि in you, on you न not अन्यथा otherwise अस्ति it is न not कर्म actions (from actions) लिप्यते attached to, smeared by, impacted by नरे on a person.

असुर्या नाम ते लोका अन्धेन तमसाऽऽवृताः ।
ताꣳस्ते प्रेत्याभिगच्छन्ति ये के चात्महनो जनाः ॥ ३॥

Asuryaa naama te lokaa
andhena tamasaavṛitaaḥ.
Taaṁste pretyaa-bhigacchanti
ye ke caatmahano janaaḥ

Those who, by their own actions, destroy their souls can only achieve the darkness of ignorance and sin (as the outcome of selfishness and greed). Our re-birth is accorded to our own actions; thus self-destructive habits will yield blindness to light, ignorance and further negativity. 

Note: Verse 1 (eesha-avaasyam) advises us to enjoy the creations of God without attachment/ownership and to ensure we are not destroyed by covetousness and possessiveness. Verse 2 (kurvanne veha) teaches us to live a full lifespan by being free from negative thoughts and actions. This verse (asurya naam) gives the outcome if we do not adhere to the teaching of the first two verses. This verse practically says what we sow, we shall reap. If we destroy our own light, then we will become blind to wisdom.

असुर्याः sunless (absence of light/wisdom), demonic नाम indeed those named ते they, those लोक worlds अन्धेन blindness तमसा ignorance, darkness अवृताः enveloped in, hidden तान् them ते they प्रेत्य having died, in their death अभिगछति resort to, go near, approach ये के च any person whatsoever आत्महनः destroyer of own soul, self-slayers (आत्म soul/self हनः killer, destroyer) जनाः people

अनेजदेकं मनसो जवीयो नैनद्देवा आप्नुवन्पूर्वमर्षत् ।
तद्धावतोऽन्यानत्येति तिष्ठत्तस्मिन्नपो मातरिश्वा दधाति ॥ ४॥

Anejadekaṁ manaso javeeyo nainad-devaa
aapnuvan poorvamarṣhat
Taddhaavato’nyaanatyeti tiṣṭhat
tasminnapo maatariśhvaa dadhaati

He is unmoving and immovable, yet is swifter than the mind, flowing faster than anything made by God, yet firmly still and motionless. He is here and beyond, in front of all, yet within and beyond all. That Master of Life establishes everything.

अनेजत् unmoving, immovable एकम् one मनसः from the mind, of the mind जवीयः quicker, swifter न not एवत् this, it देवाः (made by) God आप्नुवन् reach, met up with, overtook पूर्वम् in front, preceding अर्षत् progress, moving smoothly तत् that धावतः flowing. running अन्यान् others अत्येति passes by, passes beyond, moving on तिष्ठत् standing firmly, remaining still/firm तस्मिन् in that अपः work, action, also water मातरिश्वा the Master of life दधाति establishes, places, puts.

तदेजति तन्नैजति तद्दूरे तद्वन्तिके ।
तदन्तरस्य सर्वस्य तदु सर्वस्यास्य बाह्यतः ॥ ५॥

Tadejati tannaijati
tad doore tadvantike.
Tadantarasya sarvasya
tadu sarvasyaasya baahyataḥ

He is non-moving, yet moves all and is the motion within everything. He is everything that is far and yet everything that is close to us. He is everything within us and everything outside of us.

तत् that एजति moves तत् that न not एजति moves तत् that दूरे is far तत् that उ also अन्तिके is near तत् that अन्तः within अस्य of this सर्वस्य all this तत् that उ also सर्वस्य all of everything अस्य of this वाह्यतः outside, external

यस्तु सर्वाणि भूतान्यात्मन्येवानुपश्यति ।
सर्वभूतेषु चात्मानं ततो न विजुगुप्सते ॥ ६॥

Yastu sarvaaṇi bhootaani
aatmanyevaanupaśhyati.
Sarvabhooteṣhu chaatmaanaṁ
tato na vijugupsate

That person who can realise that the Supreme One is within every one and every creation – and also recognizes that every being is within the Supreme, such a person shall prosper.

यः he who तु indeed, but सर्वाणि all, every, wholly भूतानि (all) existences, beings आत्मनि in the self एव surely, indeed अनुपश्यति beholds, see सर्व all, everything भूतेषु within all beings, in all existence च and आत्मान the self ततः from Him, of the One, thereafter from it न not विजुगुप्सते shrinks, conceals, hide, disappear

यस्मिन्सर्वाणि भूतान्यात्मैवाभूद्विजानतः ।
तत्र को मोहः कः शोकः एकत्वमनुपश्यतः ॥ ७॥

Yasmin sarvaaṇi bhootaani
aatmaiva-abhood-vijaanataḥ
Tatra ko mohaḥ kaḥ śhokah
ekatvam-anupaśhyataḥ

That person who realises and understands that everything, all beings, all creation is therein in the Almighty and that the All-Seeing One is in all beings, then there is no grief, confusion, bewilderment or sorrow.

यस्मिन् in whom सर्वाणि all, everything, भूतानि beings आत्मा the Self एव indeed, truly, so अभूत् has become, was विजानतः understanding, knowing, discerning तत्र there, therein कः whom, which (how) मोहः delusion, bewilderment, non-consciousness कः who, which शोकः grief, affliction, sorrow, flame, heat एकत्वम् oneness अनुपश्यतः from the all-seeing One.

स पर्यगाच्छुक्रमकायमव्रणमस्नाविरꣳ शुद्धमपापविद्धम् ।
कविर्मनीषी परिभूः स्वयम्भूर्याथातथ्यतोऽर्थान्
व्यदधाच्छाश्वतीभ्यः समाभ्यः ॥ ८॥

Sa paryagaach-chhukram-akaayam-
avraṇam-ashnaaviraṁ śhuddham-apaapaviddham.
Kavirmaneeṣee paribhooḥ svayambhoor-
yaathaatathyato’rthaan
vyadadhaachh-śhaaśhvateebhyaḥ samaabhyaḥ.

That Almighty is all around, all-existent, all-pervading and eternal. He is the light of all objects and the objects themselves. He is unblemished, formless and pure. He is here, there and everywhere, the truth of everything, the motive and aim for which all exists. He places everything in place and orderly, purposive place for eternity. He changes all and is Himself Changeless. He is perceived by the intellect of the wise and thoughtful ones. 

सः He, it is He पर्यगात् has gone all around, permeate, approach near शुक्रम् bright, glowing अकायम् bodiless अव्रणम् unblemished, without scar/mark of imperfection अस्नाविरम् without sinews शुद्धम् pure, bright and clean अपापविद्धम् not evil, untouched by evil, unpierced by evil कविः intelligent one, the Seer, knower, prophet मनीषी the Thinker, thoughtful one परिभुः the pervading force, One who is everywhere स्वयम्भुः Self-existing, independent याथातथ्यतः perfectly true, from the truth अर्थान् objects, purposive, aim, motive व्यदधात् placed apart, in orderly fashion शाश्वतीभ्यः from all eternity, eternal समाभ्यः from years without change, everlasting and unchanging

अन्धं तमः प्रविशन्ति येऽविद्यामुपासते ।
ततो भूय इव ते तमो य उ विद्यायाꣳ रताः ॥ ९॥

Andhaṁ tamaḥ praviśhanti
ye’vidyaamupaasate
Tato bhooya iva te tamo
ya u vidyaayaaṁ rataaḥ

Those who glorify ignorance, who promote the lack of training and education are bound to be surrounded and swallowed by ignorance. Those who promote and embrace wisdom and who follow the path of the wise will get the delight of wisdom.

अन्धम् blind, cannot see or perceive तमः darkness, gloom, misery प्रविशन्ति enter, get to, reach ये they who अविद्याम् ignorance, lack of wisdom, lack of reason उपासते (they) follow, (they) sit near तत: from that भूयः into a greater degree इव like, as if ते they तम: darkness, gloom ये they who उ on the other hand, (as emphasis) विद्यायाम् in the knowledge. in wisdom, perceiving रताः have attachment/devotion/delight.

अन्यदेवाहुर्विद्ययाऽन्यदाहुरविद्यया ।
इति शुश्रुम धीराणां ये नस्तद्विचचक्षिरे ॥ १०॥

Anyadevaahur-vidyayaa
‘nyadaahur-avidyayaa
Iti śhuśhruma dheeraaṇaaṁ
ye nastadvi-chachakṣhire.

(In life) that which is derived from wisdom, knowledge and skill is quite different from what is derived from lack of knowledge and skills. The wise ones always teach us to differentiate between wisdom and illusion.

अन्यत् other, different from एव verily, indeed आहुः it is said, (they said, they spoke) विद्यया by the Knowledge, in philosophy अविद्यया by ignorance, lack of wisdom इति thus शुश्रुम having heard, hearing धीराणाम् (from) the wise ones, the skilled/trained ये those who नः to us तत् That विचचक्षिरे revealed (to understanding), shone, perceived.

विद्यां चाविद्यां च यस्तद्वेदोभयꣳ सह ।
अविद्यया मृत्युं तीर्त्वा विद्ययाऽमृतमश्नुते ॥ ११॥

Vidyaam-cha-avidyaam-cha
yastad-vedobhayaṁ saha
Avidyayaa mṛityuṁ teertvaa
vidyayaa’mṛitam-aśhnute

That person who knows and understands and can differentiate between knowledge and illusion will overcome the fear (ignorance) of death and will enjoy the true meaning of immortality.

विद्याम् Knowledge, wisdom, deep philosophy च and अविद्याम् Ignorance, non-perception यः who तत् that (person) उभयम् as both सह in one, along with, together वेद knows, perceives अविद्यया by Ignorance, with ignorance, with lack of knowledge मृर्युम् death तीर्त्वा cross over, cross beyond विद्यया with/by the Knowledge अमृतम् Immortality अश्नुते arrives, enjoys.

अन्धं तमः प्रविशन्ति येऽसम्भूतिमुपासते ।
ततो भूय इव ते तमो य उ सम्भूत्याꣳ रताः ॥ १२॥

Andhaṁ tamaḥ praviśhanti
ye’sam-bhootim-upaasate.
Tato bhooya iva te tamo
ya u sambhootyaaṁ rataaḥ.

Those who embrace solely the concept of a manifest world, (that is one who only focuses only on the concept that the world is created or born ) can be said to embrace ignorance. of greater ignorance would be those who embrace the completely opposite concept that the world is unmanifest or un-born.

अन्धम् blind तमः darkness, gloom प्रविशन्ति enter, attain ये who असम्भूतिम् non-existence, non-birth, destruction उपासते follow, worship, sit near ततः than that भूयः becoming, than that, in greater degree इव as if ते they तमः gloomy, darkness य who, that, which उ on the other hand (emphasis) सम्भूत्या in birth alone रताः are engrossed, take delight.

This verse teaches us that one ought not to become engrossed in the mysteries of whether the world is created or not, whether it is destroyed or not. Instead focus on the concept of living in the world, enjoying the things of the world without becoming attached to them.

सम्भूतिं च विनाशं च यस्तद्वेदोभयꣳ सह ।
विनाशेन मृत्युं तीर्त्वा सम्भूत्याऽमृतमश्नुते ॥ १४॥

Sambhootim-cha vinaaśham-cha
yastad-vedobhayaṁ saha.
Vinaaśhena mṛityuṁ teertvaa
sambhootyaa’mṛitamaśhnute.

That person who views birth and death alike, who is neither overcome by creation or dissolution of the world, who is neither overwhelmed by birth nor consumed by the thought of death – that person obtains immortality.

सम्भूतिम् – the birth, the origin च – ca – and विनाशम् the annihilation, dissolution च and यः he who तत् that वेद knows, perceives उभयम् both सह in one, as one, same, together विनाशेन by the dissolution/removal, annihilation मृत्युम् death तीर्त्वा having crossed beyond/over सम्भुत्या by birth, with being together अमृतम् immortality अश्नुते enjoys, obtains

हिरण्मयेन पात्रेण सत्यस्यापिहितं मुखम् ।
तत्त्वं पूषन्नपावृणु सत्यधर्माय दृष्टये ॥ १५॥

Hiraṇmayena paatreṇa
satyasyaapihitaṁ mukham.
Tat tvaṁ pooṣhann-apaavṛiṇu
satyadharmaaya dṛiṣhṭaye.

The real truth, pure and golden is kept within and is usually concealed and undiscovered. Such truth is unveiled for us to behold and experience when we are prepared to become a guardian of righteousness. 

Like a shepherd maintaining his flock, we can maintain and control our senses and interactions in the world; to not stray and become lost and to accept the truth (as explained in previous verses). This makes us part of the golden, pure truth that is God.

हिरण्मयेन with/by golden (purest/shining/precious) पात्रेण vessel, lid utensil सत्यस्य of truth, of reality अपिहितम् covered, concealed, hidden मुखम् the face, the mouth (speech) तत् that त्वम् – you पूषन् O guardian (like a guardian of livestock, shepherd), also, the sun, or the power that makes the sun move अपावृणु remove, uncover, unveil सत्यधर्माय for the law of the Truth, the truth of righteousness दृष्टये for seeing, beholding

पूषन्नेकर्षे यम सूर्य प्राजापत्य व्यूह रश्मीन् समूह तेजः ।
यत्ते रूपं कल्याणतमं तत्ते पश्यामि
योऽसावसौ पुरुषः सोऽहमस्मि ॥ १६॥

Pooṣhanne-karṣhe yama soorya praajaapatya
vyooha raśhmeen samooha tejah.
Yatte roopaṁ kalyaaṇatamaṁ tatte paśhyaami
yo’saavasau puruṣhaḥ so’hamasmi.

O Most Powerful One, You are the force behind all creation, the guardian and caretaker of the world; You are the One without favorites, the Solitary One, the fount of Wisdom, the One who controls our life-time and the time of death, You are the illuminated Father of all, You are the force that repels and the force that attracts; You are the Source of Light and the Brilliance of the Light, You are the most blissful and illustrious force in every shape and every creature. O Most Beautiful and Blessed Prime Cause of everything, you are all of that I see and all that I realize. You are That, and That I am.

पूषन् (the one who is the force behind the Sun, the One who is the guardian of his flock (like a Shepherd), One who is hermit/one who gave up attachment एकर्षे (एक ऋषि) the Solitary One, the Wise One, the Sage यम Controller of life-span, Yama – god of death, Charioteer सूर्य Sun, Illuminated One प्राजापत्य The power that is the Father of All व्युह move apart, push off रश्मीन् ray of light, beam समूह move together तेजः the brilliance of light. the splendour यत् who, which what, that ते (for) you, thy रूपम् form, shape, figure कल्याणतमम् most blessed, most beautiful, illustrious तत् that ते in You पश्यामि I behold, I see, I realise यः who असौ there/that पुरुषः Purusha, Prime Cause of the world सः He अहम् अस्मि I am

वायुरनिलममृतमथेदं भस्मांतꣳ शरीरम् ।
ॐ क्रतो स्मर कृतꣳ स्मर क्रतो स्मर कृतꣳ स्मर ॥ १७॥

Vaayur-anilam-amṛitam-athedaṁ
bhasmaaṁtaṁ śhareeram.
Om krato smara kṛitaṁ smara
krato smara kṛitaṁ smara.

The essence of life is immortal, but the body is reduced to ashes. The intelligence, the will power (ego) and life is reduced to memories only.

वायुः the breath अनिलम् life, air, wind (the essence of life) अमृतम् immortal अथ but, moreover इदम् this भस्मान्तम् ending in ashes शरीरम् body ओम् Om क्रतो will-power, intelligence स्मर remember कृतम् that which was done.

अग्ने नय सुपथा राये अस्मान् विश्वानि देव वयुनानि विद्वान् ।
युयोध्यस्मज्जुहुराणमेनो भूयिष्ठां ते नमौक्तिं विधेम ॥ १८॥

Agne naya supathaa raaye asmaan
viśhvaani deva vayunaani vidvaan.
Yuyodhyasmaj-juhuraaṇam-eno
bhooyiṣhṭhaaṁ te namauktiṁ vidhema.

O source of energy, may your path of righteousness bring us riches/wealth/luxury. O universal master, bless us with exemplary dutiful actions and all-encompassing knowledge. Cast away from us any belittling debasing sinful tendencies. To you, I give my profound salutations and praise and adoration and worship

अग्ने God, the Source of Life and Energy नय lead सुपथा by a good path राये property, wealth, possessions अस्मान् us विश्वानि  all-pervading, whole, entire world देव God वयुनानि all things manifest; path ways विद्वान् knowing, understanding युयोधि remove, ward off, make war with, dispose अस्मत् from us जुहुराणाम् the devious attraction to sin, stumbled, crookish एनः crime, sin, evil, unhappiness, sorrow, depression भूयिष्ठाम् most abundant, most important ते to thee नम उक्तिम् homage, veneration, respect विधेम we worship, offer.